Which type of liability depends on the outcome of a future event?

A contingent liability is defined as a potential obligation that may occur depending on the outcome of a future event. It represents a situation where the company faces uncertainty regarding the likelihood of the event occurring and whether it will result in an obligation to pay. For instance, if a company is being sued, it may have a contingent liability based on the outcome of that lawsuit. If the outcome results in a loss, the company could be required to pay damages; if the lawsuit is dismissed, the liability does not materialize.

In contrast, current liabilities represent obligations that are expected to be settled within a year, such as accounts payable and accrued expenses, while short-term liabilities are typically synonymous with current liabilities. Long-term liabilities encompass obligations that extend beyond one year, like bonds payable and long-term loans, which do not depend on uncertain future events. Therefore, contingent liability specifically addresses the dependence on a future event, making it the correct answer.