Which financial statement includes "equity" as a component?

The balance sheet is the financial statement that includes "equity" as a component. In accounting, equity represents the ownership interest in a company and is calculated as the difference between total assets and total liabilities. It showcases the residual value that belongs to the shareholders after all liabilities have been settled. This makes it a crucial part of the balance sheet, where the accounting equation (Assets = Liabilities + Equity) is always maintained.

In contrast, the income statement focuses on the revenues and expenses over a specific period, reporting profit or loss but not detailing equity. The statement of cash flows tracks the cash inflows and outflows from operating, investing, and financing activities but does not provide an equity section. The trial balance is a report that lists all the accounts and their balances at a specific point in time to ensure that total debits equal total credits, but it does not categorize accounts into types such as equity. Thus, the balance sheet distinctly includes equity as a vital component of a company's financial position.